310 pages, $73.95 list
1-4786-3250-X
978-1-4786-3250-4
© 2017
paperback
eBook availability
Introduction to Physical Oceanography
Third Edition
For decades, previous editions of John Knauss’s seminal work have struck a balance between purely descriptive texts and mathematically rigorous ones, giving a wide range of marine scientists access to the fundamental principles of physical oceanography. Newell Garfield continues this tradition, delivering valuable updates that highlight the book’s resourceful presentation and concise effectiveness. The authors include historical and current research, along with a 12-page color insert, to illuminate their perspective that the world ocean is tumultuous and continually helps to shape global environmental processes.
The Third Edition builds a solid foundation that readers will find straightforward and lucid. It presents valuable insight into our understanding of the world ocean by:
• Encompassing essential oceanic processes such as the transfer of heat across the ocean surface, the distribution of temperature and salinity, and the effect of the earth’s rotation on the ocean.
• Providing sensible and well-defined explanations of the roles played by a stratified ocean, global balances, and equations of motion.
• Discussing cogent topics such as major currents, tides, waves, coastal oceans, semienclosed seas, and sound and optics.
The Third Edition builds a solid foundation that readers will find straightforward and lucid. It presents valuable insight into our understanding of the world ocean by:
• Encompassing essential oceanic processes such as the transfer of heat across the ocean surface, the distribution of temperature and salinity, and the effect of the earth’s rotation on the ocean.
• Providing sensible and well-defined explanations of the roles played by a stratified ocean, global balances, and equations of motion.
• Discussing cogent topics such as major currents, tides, waves, coastal oceans, semienclosed seas, and sound and optics.
Reactions
“This new edition remains reasonably priced, provides useful updates, and now includes a dozen attractive and useful color plates.” — James Miller, Rutgers University
1. Overview
What We Observe in the Ocean / Ocean Circulation / Waves / How the Ocean Is Observed / A Word about Units
2. A Stratified Ocean
The Equation of State of Seawater / Potential Temperature / Stability / Some Consequences of a Stratified Ocean / T-S Diagrams
3. The Transfer of Heat Across the Ocean Surface
Heat Transfer Terms / Variation in Incoming Radiation / Local Heat Balance: The Seasonal Thermocline / Surface Temperature of the Ocean / Sea Ice and Halocline Formation
4. Global Balances: The Conservation Equations
Global Heat Balance / Global Water and Salt Balance / The Conservation Equations / Mixing, Stirring, Turbulence, and Diffusion / Box Models and Mixing Times
5. Equations of Motion
Acceleration / Pressure Gradient / Coriolis Force / Gravity: Equal Potential Surfaces / Friction / Equations of Motion / Vorticity
6. The Effect of the Earth’s Rotation
Rossby Number / Geostrophic Flow / Margule’s Equation / Barotropic and Baroclinic Fluids / Inclined Plane with Friction / Available Potential Energy / Wind Stress: Ekman Transport / Upwelling: Ekman Pumping / The General Circulation: A First Look / The General Circulation: Western Boundary Currents / Terminal Velocity
7. Major Ocean Currents
Western Boundary Currents: The Gulf Stream and Kuroshio / Eastern Boundary Currents: The California Current System / Equatorial Currents / El Niño Southern Oscillation / Antarctic Circumpolar Current / Currents of the Indian Ocean
8. The Distribution of Temperature and Salinity
Meridional Overturning Circulation and Core Analysis / The Mediterranean Outflow / Basins and Sills: The Role of Bottom Topography in Determining Temperature and Salinity Distributions / Formation of Water Types (Water Masses) / Characterization of Water Masses / Vertical Mixing / Deep Western Boundary Currents / Mesoscale Eddies / Microstructure: Energy Dissipation / Langmuir Circulation
9. Wind-Generated Waves
Wave Characteristics / Particle Motion / Wave Energy and Wave Dispersion / Wave Spectrum and the Fully Developed Sea / Stokes Waves and Capillary Waves / Wave Formation, Propagation, and Dissipation / Longshore Currents and Rip Currents
10. Tides and Other Waves
Tsunami / Seiches / Edge Waves / Very Long Waves: The Coriolis Effect / Internal Waves / Tidal Forces / Equilibrium and Dynamic Theory of Tides / Ocean Tides / Tidal Currents
11. The Coastal Ocean and Semienclosed Seas
Convective Flow in an Estuary / Types of Estuaries / Estuarine Circulation / Estuarine Residence Time / Coastal Processes / Semienclosed Seas
12. Sound and Optics
Some Definitions Used in Underwater Sound / Sound Velocity: The Deep Sound Channel / Transmission Loss / Absorption and Scattering / Ambient Noise / Refraction and Reflection / Underwater Optics
Appendix A: Selected Readings
Appendix B: Units: Definitions, Abbreviations, and Conversions
What We Observe in the Ocean / Ocean Circulation / Waves / How the Ocean Is Observed / A Word about Units
2. A Stratified Ocean
The Equation of State of Seawater / Potential Temperature / Stability / Some Consequences of a Stratified Ocean / T-S Diagrams
3. The Transfer of Heat Across the Ocean Surface
Heat Transfer Terms / Variation in Incoming Radiation / Local Heat Balance: The Seasonal Thermocline / Surface Temperature of the Ocean / Sea Ice and Halocline Formation
4. Global Balances: The Conservation Equations
Global Heat Balance / Global Water and Salt Balance / The Conservation Equations / Mixing, Stirring, Turbulence, and Diffusion / Box Models and Mixing Times
5. Equations of Motion
Acceleration / Pressure Gradient / Coriolis Force / Gravity: Equal Potential Surfaces / Friction / Equations of Motion / Vorticity
6. The Effect of the Earth’s Rotation
Rossby Number / Geostrophic Flow / Margule’s Equation / Barotropic and Baroclinic Fluids / Inclined Plane with Friction / Available Potential Energy / Wind Stress: Ekman Transport / Upwelling: Ekman Pumping / The General Circulation: A First Look / The General Circulation: Western Boundary Currents / Terminal Velocity
7. Major Ocean Currents
Western Boundary Currents: The Gulf Stream and Kuroshio / Eastern Boundary Currents: The California Current System / Equatorial Currents / El Niño Southern Oscillation / Antarctic Circumpolar Current / Currents of the Indian Ocean
8. The Distribution of Temperature and Salinity
Meridional Overturning Circulation and Core Analysis / The Mediterranean Outflow / Basins and Sills: The Role of Bottom Topography in Determining Temperature and Salinity Distributions / Formation of Water Types (Water Masses) / Characterization of Water Masses / Vertical Mixing / Deep Western Boundary Currents / Mesoscale Eddies / Microstructure: Energy Dissipation / Langmuir Circulation
9. Wind-Generated Waves
Wave Characteristics / Particle Motion / Wave Energy and Wave Dispersion / Wave Spectrum and the Fully Developed Sea / Stokes Waves and Capillary Waves / Wave Formation, Propagation, and Dissipation / Longshore Currents and Rip Currents
10. Tides and Other Waves
Tsunami / Seiches / Edge Waves / Very Long Waves: The Coriolis Effect / Internal Waves / Tidal Forces / Equilibrium and Dynamic Theory of Tides / Ocean Tides / Tidal Currents
11. The Coastal Ocean and Semienclosed Seas
Convective Flow in an Estuary / Types of Estuaries / Estuarine Circulation / Estuarine Residence Time / Coastal Processes / Semienclosed Seas
12. Sound and Optics
Some Definitions Used in Underwater Sound / Sound Velocity: The Deep Sound Channel / Transmission Loss / Absorption and Scattering / Ambient Noise / Refraction and Reflection / Underwater Optics
Appendix A: Selected Readings
Appendix B: Units: Definitions, Abbreviations, and Conversions