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 Gender Diversity Crosscultural Variations
Serena Nanda
How can we gain new understandings about sex, gender, and sexuality? What are the relationships between culture and gender diversity? How has the diffusion of Euro-American culture affected the sex/gender ideologies of non-European cultures? This eye-opening account of the differences in how sex/gender diversity is experienced in seven cultures raises our consciousness and challenges our intellectual understandings and attitudes about what we consider natural, normal, and morally right. Nanda’s examples, which reveal the complexity of social responses toward sex/gender diversity, are ethnographically well documented and represent various geographical areas and sex/gender ideologies. In classic anthropological fashion, Nanda’s text enables us to cross the barriers of cultural difference to a recognition of a greater shared humanity.
 $12.95 list, 127 pages 10-digit ISBN: 1-57766-074-9 13-digit ISBN: 978-1-57766-074-3 © 2000
“Nanda is at the forefront of her field. She
effectively presents the topic in a new and innovative way without
sensationalizing it. No other book fills this niche.” —Richley Crapo, Utah
State University
“Precisely because of its wide range, detail
and clarity the value of Gender Diversity extends beyond its target
student audience and is an essential reference book for anyone interested in
questions of sexual difference, personhood and globalisation.” —Australian
Journal of Anthropology Table of Contents
Introduction Some Basic Definitions / Social Attitudes toward Sex/Gender Diversity / Sexuality and Gender Diversity / Globalization and Gender Diversity / Female Gender Diversity / Book Outline / Anthropology and Cultural Difference 1. Multiple Genders among North American Indians Distribution and Characteristics of Variant Sex/Gender Roles / Transvestism / Occupation / Gender Variance and Sexuality / Biological Sex and Gender Transformations / Sacred Power / The Alyha: A Male Gender Variant Role among the Mohave / Female Gender Variants 2. Hijra and Sādhin: Neither Man nor Woman in India The Religious Context of Gender Diversity / Hijras as Not-Men . . . / Hijras as Women and Not-Women / Religious Identifications / Hijras as Ascetics / Ritual Roles and Social Acceptance / Hijra Sexuality / Social Structure of the Hijra Community / The Sādhin: A Female Gender Variant 3. Men and Not-Men: Sexuality and Gender in Brazil Gender Diversity: Travestís, Bichas, and Viados / Men and Not-Men: The Brazilian Binary / Attitudes toward Gender Diversity / Afro-Brazilian Religion / Links between Candomble and Gender Diversity / Penetration, Possession Trance, and Gender Diversity in Candomble / Changing Sex/Gender Ideologies 4. Liminal Gender Roles in Polynesia Gender Liminal Male Roles / Historical Contexts / Appropriations of the Feminine / Sexuality and Gender Liminality / Sexuality and Social Status / Performing Gender Diversity / Gender Liminality and the Polynesian Concept of the Person 5. Transgendered Males in Thailand and the Philippines The Kathoey of Thailand / Homoeroticism in Thai Culture / Transformations in Traditional Sex/Gender Ideology / Social Attitudes toward the Kathoey / Sex/Gender Diversity in the Philippines / Contemporary Constructions of Gender Diversity: Transgendered Male Homosexuality / A Woman’s Heart in a Man’s Body / Bakla Sexual Relationships / The Association of Transgendered Males with Beauty / Transvestite Beauty Contests 6. Sex/Gender Diversity in Euro-American Cultures Transvestite Female Saints / The Sworn Virgin of the Balkans / Transsexualism / Transgenderism / Intersexuality 7. Variations on a Theme Criteria for Constructing Sex/Gender Variation / Varying Degrees of Institutionalization / Variation in Public Recognition of Sex/Gender Transformations / Explaining Sex/Gender Diversity / Male and Female Gender Diversity / The Functions, Roles, and Significance of Sex/Gender Diversity Glossary
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